Furnace fob heating buildings



J'. LEEDS.

. H'ot Air Furnace.

Nm-31,892. Patented Aprl! .2, 1861.

N. PETERS, PhawLmmgmphur. vlamingen. uc,

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

JOSEPH LEEDS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE FOR HEATING BUILDINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 31,892, dated April 2, 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH LEEDS, of the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Penn Sylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Air-Heating Furnaces for Buildings; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which Figure l, is a central, vertical, longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a horizontal section through the line 00, of Fig. l; and Fig. 3, a front view of the deecting plate, in place, at the mouth of the escape or chimney flue, like characters, when on the different figures, indicating the same parts.

This invention relates to that class of furnaces which are to be inclosed within appropriate brick-wall chambers in the cellars of buildings, for the purpose of furnishing fresh, warm-air to the rooms above; and

consists, as hereinafter described, in the pev culiar form or construction of the exterior top and side plates, in connection with the arrangement of the division plates, heat radiating air flues, a fresh-air chamber, and a distributing pipe which communicates with the external air, heat-s, and also distributes it in a peculiar manner within the combustion chamber of the said furnace, whereby, a more simple, cheap, easily managed, economical, and effective furnace for the purpose is produced.

In the drawings A, is the top-plate; B, B, the side plates; C, the division plate between the combustion chamber and the air chamber; D, the division plate between the ash chamber and the said air-chamber; E, the division plate between the said air-chamber and the chimney flue; F, the combustion chamber; G, the fresh-air chamber b elow it; II, the fire-box; I, the ash chamber; K-K, the heat-radiating air-fines; L, the chimney flue; M, the deflecting plate; between the said flue and the combustion chamber; and N, the airlistributing pipe in the combustion chamber.` The usual brick containing chamber for the heater is not shown in the drawings, as it is common to all this class of heaters.

The top-plate (A) of the heater is formed so as to produce a flat, horizontal, surface over that part of the combustion chamber (H) which contains the air fiues (Ii-IQ),

and also a surface inclining downward toward the front or fire-door and over that part of the said combustion chamber (F) which is directly over the fire box (II)-as -seen in Fig. l.

The two side-plates (B, B,) are each formed so as to produce vertical sides which will be parallel to each other longitudinally along the middle portion of the heater', and inclined toward eachother at both the front and rear ends of the same-as seen in F 2; thus producing, with the top plate (A), a form of heater which is characterized by a low, narrow front, and a narrow rear, with a comparatively wide or capacious middlethe lire box being in the front, the combustion chamber (F) mainly in the middle, and the chimney flue (L) in the rear portion, of the said heater-as seen in the drawings.

The division plate (C), extends from the top of the fire box (I-I) and division plate (D), horizontally backward to the division plates E and M, thus separating the combustion chamber (F) from the fresh air chamber, G. The said fresh air chamber (Gr) is open at its bottom, and is separated from the ash-chamber (I) by the Vertical, division-plate "(D), and from the chimney-flue (L), by the division plate E.

,The ash chamber (I) communicates with the chimney flue (L) by means of a tube O, which is designed for the purpose of conducting any fioating ,dust from the ashchamber, to the chimney, in the usual manner"when the fire is being raked, it being closed by a Valve at other times.

The heat-radiating airflues, K-K, are fixed in the usual air-tight manner, in Vertical positions through the plates A, and C, so as to serve as heat-radiating flues for the air to pass through, in the direction of the arrows, from the fresh-air chamber (G)-as indicated in the drawings.

The airdistributing pipe (N) has its open, air-receiving end, N', projecting through the side of the heater, and is intended to be extended through the outside walls of the usual inclosing brickechamber. It passes horizontally under. the plate (C), thence vertically upward through the said plate at, N, to about one .third of the height of the combustion chamber (F), thence horizontally, toN, N4, l 5, to NG; where its inner end is closed. Numerous minute holes or slots l 1, are made in the said pipe, so that the incoming air may be discharged, heated, in minute streams in various directions through the said Chamher (C).

The deflecting plate (M) separates the upper part of the chamber, (F), entirely from the chimney flue (L), but it is provided with the three openings 2, 2, 3, at its lower end-as seen in Fig. S-through which the smoke and incombustible gases escape to the chimney.

The Whole bottom-area of the heater is open, for the purpose of resting the heater upon (porous) bricks in a large pan or other device capable of holding Water, in such a manner as may afford, if desired, a stratum of Water at the bottom Which may permit moisture to be evaporated or taken up by the air therein, and also by the air passing from the ash-chamber through the fuel in the fire boX, to increase combustion of the same, and to moisten the ashes so as to prevent dust.

2 is the opening for the entrance of freshair into the chamber (Gr) and R, the opening to the chimney-for removing dust, &c., therefrom.

It Will be readily seen that the form of the described heater is such as Will produce a comparatively large heating or radiating surface in a heater of small dimensions, and therefore an economy of material in its construction, and of room for inclosing it Within the usual brick-Walls; that the'comparatively large, fresh-air chamber (G),

from its locality and size together, is Well adapted for distributing the air equally and plentifully to the different flues (Ii-K), to be heated thereby; and that the air may be moistened therein elfectually-if so desired; that the air-distributing pipe (N) Will supply fresh air for the combustion of all, the iniammable gases, in the chamber (F), in a more effectual manner than heretofore; and that the deflecting plate (M) Will retard the draft so as to aid in the entire combustion of the said gases.

Having thus fully described my improvement in heaters, and pointed out its utility, What I claim as new therein of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The top plate A, and side plates B, B, constructed in the form described; the division plates C, l), E; the heat-radiating fines K-K, opening through the top plate (A) and communicating, through the plate C, with the fresh-air chamber G, as described; the deflecting plate M constructed With the openings 2, 2, 3, as described; and the freshair distributing pipe N; the said parts being arranged in relation to each other, the chambers F and G, and the flue L, substantially in the manner described and for the purposes specified.

JOSEPH LEEDS.

Vitnesses JOHN Gr. TAYLOR, BENJ. OVERTON. 

